Compute·Atlas

Supercomputers/Systems/ASCI Red

USA · decommissioned · classified

ASCI Red

Operated by Sandia National Laboratories at Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque.

Phase 1 seed dataset — under review. These rows were compiled by hand from public operator, laboratory and vendor sources, and have not yet been through a second-reader verification pass. Every claim carries its source and a confidence tier; treat anything below verified as a lead, not a citation.

Measured performance

Rmax
1.07 TFlop/s
HPL measured
Rpeak
1.80 TFlop/s
Rmax ÷ Rpeak
59.3%
Cores
9,298
Power
Per watt
GF/W

Figures are as last publicly reported for the configuration described below, not a live measurement. Where a system was upgraded in place, the post-upgrade configuration is shown and the earlier one appears in the timeline.

What this machine is made of

One row per supplier relationship. “Supplier at build” is the company that shipped the part at the time; where that company has since been acquired, the parent it rolls up to today is shown beside it. That distinction is what makes ticker-level aggregation possible across a thirty-year dataset.

Role Part Supplier at build Quantity Confidence Source
Integrator
Intel Supercomputer Systems Division
Intel Reported sandia.gov
CPU Intel Pentium Pro 200 MHz
CPUs
Intel Pentium Pro 200 MHz
Intel 9,298
reported
Reported sandia.gov
Interconnect Intel ASCI Red mesh
Interconnect
Intel custom 2D mesh
Intel Reported sandia.gov

The read

The first teraflop system, and the moment the industry's bill of materials changed permanently. ASCI Red was built from roughly nine thousand Intel Pentium Pro processors — commodity desktop silicon — rather than custom vector parts. Intel's Supercomputer Systems Division was wound down shortly afterwards, so the integrator role and the CPU role, which sat with the same company here, have had no common owner since. Stockpile stewardship workload; details of what it actually ran remain classified.

Timeline

  • 1993 Announced source
  • 1997-06 List debut at #1 (June 1997) source
  • 1997-06 First operational source
  • 2006 Decommissioned source

Public list appearances

Pointers only — rank and edition, linking to the canonical entry. We do not reproduce list tables. See sourcing policy.

Site & facility

Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque

Location
Albuquerque, NM, USA
Cooling
Chilled water
Commissioned
1990