JUWELS Booster

Operated by Forschungszentrum Julich at Julich Supercomputing Centre .

Phase 1 seed dataset, compiled by hand. These rows were built from public operator, laboratory and vendor sources. A mechanical second-reader pass has since fetched every cited source: 1263 of 1345 systems have a readable citation that names them, and 56 are genuinely weakly sourced. Every claim carries its source and a confidence tier. Treat anything below verified as a lead, not a citation.

Measured performance

Rmax: 44.12 PFlop/s
Rpeak: 70.98 PFlop/s
Rmax ÷ Rpeak: 62.2%
Cores: 449,280
Power: 1.76 MW
Per watt: 25.0 GF/W

Figures are as last publicly reported for the configuration described below, not a live measurement. Where a system was upgraded in place, the post-upgrade configuration is shown and the earlier one appears in the timeline.

What this machine is made of

One row per supplier relationship. “Supplier at build” is the company that shipped the part at the time; where that company has since been acquired, the parent it rolls up to today is shown beside it. That distinction is what makes ticker-level aggregation possible across a thirty-year dataset.

Role	Part	Supplier at build	Quantity	Confidence	Source
Integrator	- Atos BullSequana XH2000	Eviden ATOEPA rolls up to Atos	-	Reported	fz-juelich.de eurohpc-ju.europa.eu
Accelerator	NVIDIA A100 SXM4 40GB Accelerators CUDA (Ampere GA100) · 6,912C · 1.41 GHz · 7 nm · 400 W NVIDIA A100 SXM4 40 GB	NVIDIA NVDANASDAQ	-	Reported	fz-juelich.de eurohpc-ju.europa.eu
CPU	AMD EPYC 7402 (Rome) CPUs x86-64 · 24C · 2.8 GHz · 7 nm · 180 W AMD EPYC 7402 24C 2.8GHz	AMD AMDNASDAQ	-	Reported	fz-juelich.de eurohpc-ju.europa.eu
Interconnect	NVIDIA InfiniBand HDR Interconnect Fat tree or dragonfly+ · 200 Gb/s per port · About 0.6 microseconds Mellanox HDR Infiniband	NVIDIA NVDANASDAQ	-	Reported	fz-juelich.de eurohpc-ju.europa.eu
Storage	IBM Spectrum Scale ESS (GPFS) Storage Parallel filesystem (GPFS), erasure-coded declustered RAID · 250 PB on Summit (Alpine) · About 2.5 TB/s IBM Spectrum Scale (formerly GPFS)	IBM IBMNYSE	-	Reported	fz-juelich.de
Cooling	Direct liquid cooling, warm water Cooling Direct-to-chip cold plates, facility water loop · Removes 90+ percent of node heat to liquid BullSequana XH2000: direct liquid cooled platform	Eviden ATOEPA rolls up to Atos	-	Reported	fz-juelich.de eurohpc-ju.europa.eu
Operating system	CentOS Operating systems Linux distribution, RHEL-compatible rebuild · Open source, community-maintained Migrate compute nodes to CentOS 8 images	The CentOS Project IBMNYSE rolls up to IBM	-	Verified	apps.fz-juelich.de top500.org

The read

The first European system past 40 petaflops, and the machine that established the Atos-plus-AMD-plus-NVIDIA pattern that MareNostrum 5 and JUPITER later repeated. Its supplier at build was Atos; the same business is Eviden today, which is why this row and the Leonardo row need the alias table to aggregate correctly.

Timeline

2019 Announced source
2020-11 List debut at #7 (November 2020) source
2020-11 First operational source

Public list appearances

Pointers only: rank and edition, linking to the canonical entry. We do not reproduce list tables. See sourcing policy.

Site & facility

Julich Supercomputing Centre

Location: Julich, Germany
Cooling: Direct liquid cooling
Commissioned: 2004

fz-juelich.de

Change history

2026-09-22 Gained a Green500 rank pointer (#31 on the 2023-11 list)

Source check

We fetched this system's own citations and recorded whether each page actually mentions it. This is a corroboration signal, not a fact check, and it is published so you can see how well the sourcing holds up rather than take it on trust.

Cited source	Result	Found on the page
eurohpc-ju.europa.eu	does not name this system	-
fz-juelich.de	names system and part	Direct liquid cooling, warm water, AMD EPYC 7402 (Rome), NVIDIA InfiniBand HDR

Checked 2026-10-13 by pnpm verify. Re-run it and the table changes with the web.